Propagation,deposition, and suspension characteristics of constant-volume particle-driven gravity currents

Environmental Fluid Mechanics - In this laboratory study, propagation behaviour, particle deposition patterns, and suspension characteristics of non-cohesive particle-driven gravity currents formed...     

Single and joint oxidative stress–related toxicity of sediment-associated cadmium and lead on Bellamya aeruginosa

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The biotoxicity of heavy metals in sediments toward benthic organisms has evoked great concern for the health of freshwater ecosystems. This study...     

南苕溪支流锦溪水质时空变化特征分析

综合运用灰色聚类法、综合污染指数法、等级聚类法就南苕溪支流锦溪近年水质时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明,锦溪入青山水库断面水质2005—2009年逐年改善,2007年后达到灰色聚类等级Ⅲ类水质要求;2009年秋季至2010年夏季期间秋、冬两季的污染程度高于春、夏季节;枯水期综合污染指数最高,但TN、TP污染分指数在丰水期最高,表明污染源中面源污染已占相当比例。空间变化方面从玲珑桥到江桥锦溪水质的综合污染指数不断提升,到江桥时达到极值13.25,锦溪末端三眼桥断面水质较江桥断面有所改善;SPSS空间聚类分析可分为轻污染区(从玲珑桥到冬韵桥)、重污染区(从群利桥到江桥)和中度污染区(从江桥到三眼桥)。锦溪上游农业区对河水中的COD、TN和TP的贡献率分别为66%、54%和49%,农业面源污染已成为制约锦溪水质改善的主要因素。     

Decomplexation of Cr(III)-EDTA and simultaneous abatement of total Cr by photo-oxidation: efficiency and in situ reduction of intermediate Cr(VI)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Most prevailing processes are incapable of removing Cr(III)-organic complexes efficiently and facing the problem of in-process formation of highly...     

城市湿地生态系统的结构特征及现存问题

对我国城市湿地生态系统的结构特征和存在问题进行了综述。目前我国城市湿地生态系统的结构特征表现为面积小、分布不均、空间结构和营养结构简单、稳定性低、脆弱性强,同时其形态结构具有显著的景观美学特征,但受水环境因素的制约性强。目前的主要问题是：湿地面积迅速减少、空间结构脆弱性加剧、环境污染加剧、生物多样性降低、生物入侵严重、生态系统稳定性下降、水土流失与湖泊淤积严重、规划设计不当、人为干预强烈。通过综述,将增加人们对城市湿地生态系统结构的深入认识,为开展科学保护、建设、开发、利用活动和促进城市可持续发展提供依据。     

关于构建企业环境守法引导机制框架的思考

当前我国经济发展步入新常态阶段,经济发展速度减慢,部分企业资金缩紧,难免出现逃避监管、偷排漏排等现象。在这种形势下,只有转变对企业的传统监管模式,从单纯的行政执法向行政执法与守法激励相结合模式转变,建立企业环境守法引导机制,才能更好、更快地促进企业自觉调整结构,创新技术,发展绿色产业,从而实现环境效益、经济效益和社会效益共赢。本研究基于环境规制、利益相关者以及企业社会责任等理论基础,提出构建企业环境守法引导机制的基本框架由行政监管、经济激励、企业自律和社会监督等四个方面构成,并分析目前我国企业环境守法引导机制建设存在不完善问题,建议从完善行政监管执法机制、健全经济激励政策、加强企业环保意识培养、完善社会监督机制等方面间接和直接引导企业环境守法。     

曝气对两种人工湿地污水净化效果的影响

采用复合垂直流和水平潜流2种人工湿地处理混合污水,研究了在气水比(曝气体积/湿地进水体积)为2、4、6、8和10时2种人工湿地对污水的净化效果.结果显示:(1)复合垂直流人工湿地以气水比为2进行曝气时,对污水的净化效果最好,上行池出水的COD、TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N平均去除率比不曝气时分别提高了16.47%、...     

Effects of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) on neuronal and muscular development in zebrafish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Danio rerio</Emphasis>) embryos

The negative effects of overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in humans, including sunburn and light-induced cellular injury, are of increasing public concern. 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), an organic chemical UV filter, is an active ingredient in sunscreen products. To date, little information is available about its neurotoxicity during early vertebrate development. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to various concentrations of 4-MBC in embryo medium for 3 days. In this study, a high concentration of 4-MBC, which is not being expected at the current environmental concentrations in the environment, was used for the purpose of phenotypic screening. Embryos exposed to 15 μM of 4-MBC displayed abnormal axial curvature and exhibited impaired motility. Exposure effects were found to be greatest during the segmentation period, when somite formation and innervation occur. Immunostaining of the muscle and axon markers F59, znp1, and zn5 revealed that 4-MBC exposure leads to a disorganized pattern of slow muscle fibers and axon pathfinding errors during the innervation of both primary and secondary motor neurons. Our results also showed reduction in AChE activity upon 4-MBC exposure both in vivo in the embryos (15 μM) and in vitro in mammalian Neuro-2A cells (0.1 μM), providing a possible mechanism for 4-MBC-induced muscular and neuronal defects. Taken together, our results have shown that 4-MBC is a teratogen and influences muscular and neuronal development, which may result in developmental defects.     

膜生物反应器低温污水处理效能研究

通过连续实验,考察了温度变化对膜生物反应器除污染效果的影响,重点研究了低温条件下(10±2)℃溶解氧(DO)和水力停留时间(HRT)对膜生物反应器净化效能的影响规律.研究结果表明,温度的突然降低会导致污泥的氧吸收速率下降,系统对COD的去除效率从90.1%迅速降低至68.2%,但经过1个月的低温运行后,活性污泥的氧吸收...